Temperature scale
All temperature scales are based on some easily reproducible states such as the freezing and boiling point of water, which are also called the ice-point and the steam-point respectively.
A mixture of ice and water that is in equilibrium with air saturated with water vapour at 1atm pressure is said to be at the ice-point, and a mixture of liquid water and water vapour (with no air) in equilibrium at 1atm is said to be at the steam-point.
Celsius and Fahrenheit scales are based on these two points (although the value assigned to these two values is different) and are referred as two-point scales.
In thermodynamics, it is very desirable to have a
temperature scale that is independent of the properties of the substance or
substances.
Such
a temperature scale is called a thermodynamic
temperature scale.(Kelvin in SI)
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