Planning
machine ( Planner):
- Planer or planing machine is a machine tool, which like the shaper produces flat surfaces in horizontal, vertical or inclined plane.
- Fundamental difference is that the planer operates with an action opposite to that of the shapers, i.e., the work piece reciprocates past one or mare stationary single point cutting tools.
- Planners are meant for machining large sized work pieces, which cannot be machined by the shaping machines.
- The size of planner and shaper are specified by the maximum length of stroke.
The photographic view typically shows the general configuration of
planing machine. Like shaping machines, planing machines are also basically
used for producing flat surfaces in different planes. However, the major
differences between planing machines from shaping machines are :
- Though in principle both shaping and planing machines produce flat surface in the same way by the combined actions of the Generatrix and Directrix but in planing machine, instead of the tool, the work piece reciprocates giving the fast cutting motion and instead of the job, the tool is given the slow feed motion.
- Compared to shaping machines, planing machines are much larger and more rugged and generally used for large jobs with longer stroke length and heavy cuts. In planing machine, the work piece is mounted on the reciprocating table and the tool is mounted on the horizontal rail which, again, can move vertically up and down along the vertical rails.
- o Planing machines are more productive (than shaping machines) for longer and faster stroke, heavy cuts (high feed and depth of cut) possible and simultaneous use of a number of tools.
As in shaping machines, in planing machines
also;
- The length and position of stroke can be adjusted
- Only single point tools are used
- The quick return persists
- Form tools are often used for machining grooves of curved section
- Both shaping and planing machines can also produce large curved surfaces by using suitable attachments.
Types
of planner:
- Double housing planer
- Open side planer
- Pit planer
- Edge planer
- Divided head planer
Size
and specification of planner
· Distance between two columns
· Stroke length of the planer
· Radial distance between the top of the table
and the bottom most position of the cross rail
· Maximum length of the table
· Power of the motor
· Range of speeds and feed available
· Types of drives required
Operation
performed on planning machine
- Planning horizontal surface
- Planning
of an angle
- Planning
vertical surface
- Planning curved surface
Difference between
planner and shaper
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