Classification of Machine Tools:-

 Classification of Machine tools:-

Number of types of machine tools gradually increased till mid 20th century and after that started decreasing based on Group Technology. However, machine tools are broadly classified as follows:
 1.  According to direction of major axis :

Ø Horizontal-  centre lathe, horizontal boring machine etc.

Ø  Vertical – vertical lathe, vertical axis milling machine etc.

Ø  Inclined – special ( e.g. for transfer machines).   

 2. According to purpose of use:

Ø General purpose – e.g. centre lathes, milling machines, drilling machines etc.

Ø Single purpose – e.g. facing lathe, roll turning lathe etc.

Ø Special purpose – for mass production

3.      According to degree of automation:

Ø Non-automatic – e.g. centre lathes, drilling machines etc.

Ø Semi-automatic – capstan lathe, turret lathe, hobbling machine etc.

Ø  Automatic – e.g., single spindle automatic lathe, Swiss type automatic lathe, CNC milling machine etc.

4.      According to size :

Ø Heavyduty – e.g., heavy duty lathes (e.g. ≥ 55 kW), boring mills, planning machine, horizontal boring machine etc.

Ø Medium duty – e.g., lathes – 3.7 ~ 11 kW, column drilling machines, milling machines etc.

Ø Small duty – e.g., table top lathes, drilling machines, milling machines.

Ø Micro duty – e.g., micro-drilling machine etc.

5.     According to precision :

Ø ordinary – e.g., automatic lathes

Ø high precision – e.g., Swiss type automatic lathes

6.      According to number of spindles :

Ø Single spindle – centre lathes, capstan lathes, milling machines etc.

Ø  Multi-spindle – multi spindle (2 to 8) lathes, gang drilling machines etc.

7.     According to blank type :

Ø bar type (lathes)

Ø  chucking type (lathes)

Ø housing type

8.      According to type of automation :

Ø fixed automation – e.g., single spindle and multi spindle lathes

Ø flexible automation – e.g., CNC milling machine

9.     According to configuration :

Ø Stand alone type – most of the conventional machine tools.

Ø machining system (more versatile) – e.g., transfer machine, machining canter, FMS etc.

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